IMMUNOTHERAPY

Diwakar Davar, MBBS, MSc, discusses how data from the phase I trial of TSR-022, an anti-TIM-3 monoclonal antibody, and TSR-042, an anti-PD-1 agent, impact the treatment of patients with both melanoma and lung cancer.

The review period for&nbsp;a supplemental biologics license application for first-line treatment with pembrolizumab monotherapy for the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic nonsquamous or squamous non&ndash;small cell lung cancer with PD-L1 expression (tumor proportion score) of &ge;1% and no&nbsp;<em>EGFR&nbsp;</em>or&nbsp;<em>ALK&nbsp;</em>genomic tumor aberrations has been extended by the FDA, according to a press release by Merck,&nbsp;the manufacturer of pembrolizumab.

Since&nbsp;2016, the FDA has approved 5 immune checkpoint inhibitors to treat urologic cancers. Although that is unquestionably a good thing for patients, the rise of these agents means that the role of the urologist in cancer care is changing, said Noah M. Hahn, MD, during the 2018 Large Urology Group Practice Association Annual Meeting.

Toni K. Choueiri, MD, discusses the current role of immunotherapy in the treatment of patients with renal cell carcinoma.

ASCO and SITC released a joint statement that outlines new recommendations for reporting data from immuno-oncology clinical trials.

Leisha A. Emens, MD, PhD, professor of medicine at the UPMC Cancer Center, discusses how the data from the IMpassion130 trial have demonstrated benefit for immunotherapy in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer.

In data presented at the 2018 ASH Annual Meeting,&nbsp;bispecific T-cell engager antibody constructs demonstrated encouraging activity in patients with&nbsp;multiple myeloma and acute myeloid leukemia.

Primary and acquired resistance&nbsp;to immunotherapy necessitates novel strategies that can overcome cellular processes and genetic mutations of resistance to advance into the next age of cancer therapy.&nbsp;

AstraZeneca has reported that the&nbsp;phase III EAGLE trial has missed its primary endpoint, as patients with&nbsp;recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma who progressed after platinum-based chemotherapy did not see a survival benefit with durvalumab alone or combined with&nbsp;tremelimumab.

Based on findings from the phase III IMpower133 study, a supplemental biologics license application (sBLA) for atezolizumab (Tecentriq) has been granted a priority review by the FDA&nbsp;for use in combination with carboplatin and etoposide for the frontline treatment of&nbsp;patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer.

According to results from a small clinical study, checkpoint&nbsp;inhibitors in combination with&nbsp;chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy showed promise for improving CAR T-cell persistance in some patients with relapsed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<br /> &nbsp;

In a study of transplant-eligible patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, daratumumab added to bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone induced at least a very good partial response in all patients, including a complete response in 63% of patients, at the end of consolidation therapy.<br /> &nbsp;

Patients with&nbsp;acute lymphoblastic leukemia saw a reduction in the risk for recurrence after receiving a stem cell transplant for the first time following treatment with CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy.

According to a retrospective phase I/II study, over 80% of patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia responded to concurrent treatment with ibrutinib and the CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor CAR T-cell therapy, JCAR014.¹ Findings from this study were presented at&nbsp;the 60th American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting.

Patients with metastatic renal and urothelial bladder cancer who receive antibiotics concomitantly with immune checkpoint inhibitors have shorter progression-free survival and&nbsp;overall survival rates than patients who do not, according to a poster presented at the European Congress on Immunotherapies in Cancer&trade; conference, hosted by Physicians&rsquo; Education Resource&reg;, LLC, September 21 and 22, 2018, in Barcelona, Spain.

Vedolizumab induced clinical, endoscopic, and histologic remission of steroid-refractory, immune-mediated enterocolitis in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitorsfor cancer treatment, according to the results of a small retrospective study presented at the 2018 American College of Gastroenterology Annual Meeting.

Treatment of patients with advanced or metastatic cancers with the transforming growth factor-&beta; receptor type 1 inhibitor LY3200882 demonstrated a tolerable safety profile and early signs of efficacy, according to the results from a first-in-human, dose-escalation phase I trial presented at the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer.

Patients with advanced alveolar soft part sarcoma demonstrated durable responses that occurred early following the initiation of atezolizumab, according to phase II trial findings presented at the 2018 CTOS Annual Meeting. Atezolizumab was also well tolerated and demonstrated a favorable safety profile.

Using durvalumab&nbsp;(Imfinzi) combined with&nbsp;tremelimumab for the frontline treatment of patients with metastatic non&ndash;small cell lung cancer did not result in a&nbsp;statistically significant improvement in overall survival compared to standard chemotherapy, according to a press release from AstraZeneca.

Results from a two-part, phase I dose-escalation and -expansion trial involving mogamulizumab in combination with durvalumab or tremelimumab for the treatment of patients with advanced solid tumors demonstrated mild-to-moderate adverse events that were tolerable and manageable, according to Dmitriy Zamarin, MD, PhD, medical oncologist at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, during his presentation at the 33rd Annual Meeting of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer.

In an effort to determine best practices and ensure consistent clinical interpretation of tumor mutational burden assessment for patients with cancer, a group of diagnostic test partners conducted an in silico analysis and found that panel-derived TMB strongly correlated with whole-exome sequencing data provided from The Cancer Genome Atlas.&nbsp;

Personalized immunotherapy regimens for patients with cancer is a long-term goal of the immuno-oncology field, yet progress toward this goal necessitates the discovery of an effective biomarker for guiding treatment decision making, according to Jason Luke, MD.&nbsp;

According to first-in-human findings reported in a poster presentation during the ESMO Annual Congress, genetically engineered&nbsp;T-cells targeting melanoma-associated antigen-A4 appeared safe and demonstrated some evidence of&nbsp;antitumor activity.

Both&nbsp;progression-free survival and overall response were improved in patients with&nbsp;<em>MET</em> mutated <em>EGFR</em>-positive non&ndash;small cell lung cancer resistant to prior EGFR TKI therapy who were treated with&nbsp;tepotinib plus gefitinib compared with chemotherapy. These phase II findings were presented at the&nbsp;2018 ESMO Congress.

Results from the phase III IMpower130 trial demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in both progression-free survival and overall survival with a triplet regimen of&nbsp;atezolizumab, carboplatin, and nab-paclitaxel compared with chemotherapy alone in patients with previously untreated stage IV nonsquamous non&ndash;small cell lung cancer.