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Patients with acute myeloid leukemia now have more treatment options available than ever, due to some major changes to the field over the last year. With 2 drugs already approved for patients with <em>IDH</em> mutations and 4 new drugs expected to receive approval in the next year, it is a more hopeful time than ever for this patient population.

Blinatumomab has received support from the European Medicines Agency&rsquo;s Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use. The agent has been recommended for approval as a treatment of adult patients with&nbsp;B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia who are in remission but still have minimal residual disease of at least 0.1%.

The approval of&nbsp;eltrombopag (Promacta) in combination with standard immunosuppressive therapy has been expanded by the FDA to include&nbsp;newly diagnosed adult and pediatric patients 2 years and older with severe aplastic anemia, according to Novartis, the manufacturer of eltrombopag.<sup>&nbsp;</sup>Eltrombopag was also granted a breakthrough therapy designation&nbsp;as a counter measure for hematopoietic sub-syndrome of acute radiation syndrome.

A greater understanding of molecular pathogenesis in non-Hodgkin lymphoma has led to the identification of rational targets for novel small molecule inhibitors, according to Andrew D. Zelenetz, MD, PhD.&nbsp;Combinations of these therapies may also provide greater responses and the potential for therapy&nbsp;discontinuation.

CLL is a malignant disease characterized by progressive accumulation of immature, immunophenotypically distinct lymphocytes in the blood, bone marrow, and lymphatic tissues. Although the clinical course of CLL can be unpredictable, this disease is typically slow-progressing and occurs most often in patients &ge;65 years of age.&nbsp;As such, treatment, if indicated, is typically conservative.&nbsp;Current CLL treatments are not considered to be curative; however, long-term remission can be achieved in some patients using allogenic stem cell transplantation.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is characterized by the clonal proliferation and accumulation of small, mature-appearing CD5-positive B lymphocytes in the blood, bone marrow, and secondary lymphoid tissues.&nbsp;A CLL diagnosis is established by the presence of more than 5x109/L peripheral lymphocytes co-expressing CD5, CD19, and CD23, and weakly expressing CD20, CD79b, and surface immunoglobulin.&nbsp;Small lymphocytic lymphoma represents a clinical variant of CLL and is similarly managed.

Richard Furman, MD, discusses how survival times for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia have increased dramatically in the past decade, thanks to an ever-expanding armamentarium of novel agents and more patients now being diagnosed earlier.

A look back at all the&nbsp;FDA news&nbsp;that happened in the month of&nbsp;October 2018, including several new FDA approvals, priority reviews, a breakthrough therapy designation, and more, in a variety of cancer types.<br /> &nbsp;

Groundbreaking developments in cancer therapies can change lives, extending survival and sending patients who previously thought their chances were slim into remission. But these therapies come at a cost, and many patients reel at the prospect of heavy financial burdens. To help patients and programs meet the challenges of affording cancer treatments, community cancer centers are expanding the role of financial advocates in their organizations.