The poor prognosis for patients with esophagogastric cancers (EGC) requires the development of newer more effective therapies to further improve the treatment outcomes for this disease. Immunotherapy is a novel treatment strategy that is dramatically changing the treatment landscape for several types of cancers. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen-4 (CTLA-4) antibody and antagonists of the programmed death (PD)-1/PD-ligand 1 are essential immune checkpoint inhibitors that suppress T-cell activation.
