Results from a phase II prospective trial indicate that fluorouracil-, leucovorin-, irinotecan-, and oxaliplatin-based treatment and imaging-based biomarkers for borderline resectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma achieved a resection rate of 45% and a median overall survival of 2 years.<br />
A new study has found that enzalutamide given with androgen deprivation therapy significantly reduced the risk of metastatic progression or death in men with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer versus placebo plus ADT, including patients with low-volume disease and/or prior docetaxel therapy.<br />
New results from the KEYNOTE-164 trial have shown that patients with previously treated microsatellite instability-high DNA mismatch repair advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer who received pembrolizumab responded well to the drug.
New results from the FLAURA trial have shown that patients with treatment-naïve, EGFR mutation–positive advanced non–small-cell lung cancer who received first-line osimertinib experienced improved overall survival compared with patients who received either gefitinib or erlotinib.
A new analysis of a multicenter, retrospective cohort study has found that first-line sorafenib improved overall survival in patients with progressive radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Additionally, salvage therapy with lenvatinib improved OS in patients with disease progression after first-line sorafenib.<br />
Five-year outcomes data from the S1106 phase II trial in patients with newly diagnosed mantle cell lymphoma found that the RB regimen was equally effective but less toxic than the RH regimen. <br />
William Gradishar, MD, began his discussion at the 2019 Lynn Sage Breast Cancer Symposium by summarizing the improvements different modalities have brought to pCR rates in recent years.
An expanded treatment array that uses PARP inhibitors, antibody–drug conjugates, and inhibitors of the AKT and MEK pathways gives patients with triple-negative breast cancer reason for hope.
Updated breast cancer guidelines have led to clearer diagnosis and management protocols in the past 2 decades, making them a necessary tool to help oncologists stay current in the face of a rapidly evolving knowledge base. To address less common HER2 result patterns, updated guidelines are reclassifying these cases to either HER2-negative or -positive groupings.
Immunotherapy may become one of the most prevalent forms of therapy for breast cancer, explained Rita Nanda, MD, during a presentation at the 2019 Lynn Sage Breast Cancer Symposium.
A new exploratory study has found that increased levels of plasma VEGF-A and serum thyroglobulin adversely affected clinical outcomes in patients with radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer, although no biomarker successfully predicted sorafenib response. This study, which was published recently in Clinical Cancer Research, was a retrospective analysis conducted using samples from the earlier phase III DECISION trial.
Target resequencing and DNA profiling of purified tumor samples collected from younger patients with mantle cell lymphoma found that mutations of <em>KMT2D</em> and disruption of <em>TP53</em> by deletion or mutation were associated with an increased risk of progression and death, both in univariate and multivariate analysis, from standard treatments, according to a study published recently in <em>Haematologica</em>.<br />
Among patients with acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome who completed myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the predictive utility of testing circulating tumor DNA was comparable with that of mutation persistence evaluation in matched bone marrow samples, according to a study published recently in Blood.
An open-label phase II trial of regorafenib given continuously at a reduced dose of 100 mg daily to patients with refractory gastrointestinal stromal tumors found that nearly two-thirds of patients achieved disease control lasting for at least 12 weeks.<br />
A small retrospective study has found that patients who had differentiated thyroid cancer with bone metastasis and received radioiodine treatment in combination with one or more non-<sup>131</sup>I direct and systemic treatments experienced increased overall survival compared with patients who received only <sup>131</sup>I treatment.
A dose-finding phase Ib study successfully evaluated a combined regimen of oral ruxolitinib and buparlisib in adult patients with intermediate- or high-risk primary or secondary myelofibrosis for safety and efficacy.
A neoadjuvant regimen of dabrafenib plus trametinib in patients with <em>BRAF </em>V600E–mutated anaplastic thyroid carcinoma offered a feasible way to prepare patients for life-extending and quality-of-life-enhancing surgical resection, according to the results of a case series report of patients with locoregionally advanced ATC at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center.
In patients with <em>RAS </em>wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer, maintenance therapy with single-agent panitumumab was inferior in terms of progression-free survival compared with a combined regimen of panitumumab plus fluorouracil and leucovorin; however, the combination regimen showed a higher rate of treatment-related toxicities, according to results from the phase II noninferiority VALENTINO trial.<br />
In patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma, immunotherapy treatment yielded worse overall survival during the first 12 months compared with carboplatin-based chemotherapy, but a superior OS at 36 months. These results from a large, retrospective cohort study were published recently in <em>European Urology</em>.
The MDM2 antagonist idasanutlin was found to be clinically active and well tolerated in patients with previously treated polycythemia vera. Additionally, on-target <em>TP53 </em>pathway activation was observed in treatment-refractory patients with PV who were treated with idasanutlin, according to the results of a phase I clinical trial.<br />
A combined regimen of pazopanib and trametinib was tolerable at full single-agent doses in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer according to the results of a multicenter phase I trial expansion cohort. The expansion cohort showed that the combination has clinical activity in DTC but did not achieve the pre-specified response rate, according to a new report in <em>Clinical Cancer Research</em>.
The latest results from the CheckMate 032 trial have found that the combination of nivolumab plushigher-dose ipilimumab improved the objective response rate in heavily pretreated patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma compared with nivolumab monotherapy or a combined regimen with a lower dose ofipilimumab.
Treatment with erlotinib significantly extended progression-free survival in patients with stage IIIA-N2 <em>EGFR-</em>mutant non–small cell lung cancer compared with a combined chemotherapy regimen of gemcitabine plus cisplatin, according to clinical trial results published recently in the <em>Journal of Clinical Oncology</em>.
An updated systematic review and new meta-analysis of the incidence of subsequent malignant neoplasms following thyroid cancer has found that there was no significant increased relative risk of breast cancer, salivary cancer, or combined hematologic malignancies based on whether or not patients had received radioactive iodine.
A new meta-analysis quantifying the risks and benefits of using hydroxyurea to treat polycythemia vera found that while the incidence of thrombosis and acute myeloid leukemia were stable over time, mortality and transformation to myelofibrosis varied depending on follow-up duration.
When bevacizumab was added to capecitabine plus irinotecan, the combined regimen was shown to be a safe and effective second-line treatment option for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer, according to findings from a phase II trial published recently in the International Journal of Clinical Oncology.
Combined treatment with ibrutinib and venetoclax was shown to be a safe and effective first-line oral regimen for high-risk and older patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, according to findings from an open-label phase II trial published recently in the<em> New England Journal of Medicine</em>.<br />
The combination of sorafenib plus gemcitabine and oxaliplatin demonstrated “moderate” benefits compared with sorafenib monotherapy in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, according to findings from an open-label phase II trial recently published in the <em>British Journal of Cancer.</em>
A new report published in<em> Leukemia Research</em> found that results from the lead-in cohort of an open-label phase lb/II trial of glasdegib in patients with primary or secondary myelofibrosis previously treated with at least 1 JAK inhibitor indicated acceptable safety and tolerability.
A new single-center report published in <em>JCO Precision Oncology </em>offers a proof of concept for using circulating tumor DNA to guide clinical decisions in high-grade serous ovarian cancer.